Jan
Mokrzycki, who was the dynamic President of the Federation of Poles in Great
Britain for 10 years, died on December 25th 2023 at his most recent family home
in Gravesend, aged 91.
As a
long-term President of the Federation of Poles in Great Britain, this
Midlands-based retired dentist became a dominant figure among the London Poles
as he campaigned for Poland’s entry into the EU and for the rights of Poles in
the UK once that entry was achieved. Along with his Federation colleague, Mike
Oborski, he set up a pressure group in 1995 called “Poland Comes Home”, producing
regular issues of a magazine and the internet to persuade British politicians
and British business of the need for Poland to join what was then the European
Community. He organized public debates on the issue involving British ministers
and MPs, ambassadors of Central European countries and prominent academics. His
letter in February 2001, supporting ratification of the Nice Treaty, which was
to open up the EC to eastern expansion, was circulated to every Member of
Parliament and was quoted approvingly by Foreign Secretary Robin Cook in the
subsequent debate in Parliament.
After
Poland’s accession to the EC (later the EU) and the opening up of the labour
market in the UK to Central Europeans, he considered it his duty to ensure that
young Poles would not face discrimination on coming to the UK. This was the
time when the number of Polish-born UK residents increased tenfold from 60,711
according to the 2001 census to 654,000 according to the 2011 census, and later
topped a million. He opened up talks with British trade unions, such as GMB and
Community, about the successful recruitment of Poles into their ranks, set up a
unit monitoring hate crimes against Poles and liaised regularly with the
Immigration Department of the Home Office in monitoring treatment of Polish
citizens at the border, which included occasional visits to Dover. He circulated
a Polish language leaflet called “A Safe Start” which gave concrete advice on
how to avoid abuse by criminal employers, and he convinced the British Embassy
in Warsaw to help in its distribution. A later 14 page Federation publication called
“How to live and work in the United Kingdom” received a mass circulation with a
print run of 40,000 and was made accessible free of charge at bus terminals and
parishes throughout the country as well as being distributed in Poland by the Polish
Foreign Office (MSZ). The Home Office and the TUC also helped in its
distribution. He pushed for an Early Day Motion to retain the Polish A level
examination, and set up a Polish credit card decorated in Polish national
colours and linked to the Bank of Scotland, in order to encourage Poles to set
up bank accounts, which gave the Federation an added income of £800 per quarter.
The Federation was also able to offer home insurance at advantageous terms.
In 2004 he
condemned the use of the term “Polish Concentration Camp” which had been used
by Michael Howard in an interview with BBC Radio 4, implying inadvertently that
Auschwitz and other camps, had been set up by Poles. This led to a sustained
campaign, supported also by the Polish Embassy, which over time led to the BBC
and British media agreeing to desist from this inaccurate and insulting description.
He also played a leading role in negotiations with the German government over
extending the right of Polish wartime victims of forced labour in Germany and
Austria to receive compensation even if they now lived in the UK.
Jan
Mokrzycki was born in a middle-class family in Warsaw in November 27th
1932, the son of two successful Warsaw doctors. In a number of interviews, he
had visibly described his dramatic childhood during the bombing of Warsaw in
1939 and the subsequent brutal German occupation when he lived with this
grandmother, following the arrest in 1942 of his closest family by the Gestapo,
and the subsequent execution of his father, uncle, and grandfather. His mother survived
the horrors first of Auschwitz and then Ravensbruck concentration camps. Jan
lived with his grandmother and her friends in a villa on the eastern side of the Vistula in
Sulejowek, but soon after the Warsaw Uprising against the Germans began on the west
bank of the river Vistula in August 1944, Soviet officers arrived on the east
bank and expelled Jan’s family from the villa, so as they could observe the
slow collapse of the Uprising. The expelled family spent the next months on a
tomato farm and did not return to the ruins of Warsaw until 1945. After
appealing as a child on Warsaw Radio for news of his family, Jan was reunited
after the War with his mother, still unaware that his father had not survived. Faced
with the possibility of arrest and deportation to Siberia, his mother smuggled herself
and her 12 year old son out to England in 1946 by way of Czechoslovakia and
Austria.
As a child
growing up in post-war Bolton where he was billeted on an English family, Jan
started proper schooling by learning the English language from scratch. In the
meantime, his mother continued to work as a doctor until her retirement in
1983. Young Jan did well at school and by 1955 he was offered a place at
Newcastle University to study dentistry. Jan served as President of the Student
Representative Council at Newcastle University and for one year was on the
executive committee of the National Union of Students. He qualified as a dental
surgeon in 1959 and that same year he moved first to Coventry with his new wife
Magdalena Okonska, who as a child had been deported from Poland to Siberia. He then
settled in Kenilworth and was active in the local Polish community where he
initiated the programme “Poles Apart” on the BBC Coventry and Warwickshire
Radio, which bacame the station’s longest running series.
He was also
active in the local Kenilworth District Liberal-Democrat Party and was an
unsuccessful candidate for the Liberal Democrat Party at Loughborough in the 1970
parliamentary election.
In 1995,
following his retirement, and after serving on the Federation of Poles Council,
he was elected as Vice President of the Federation of Poles in Great Britain,
the main representative body of the Polish community in the UK since 1947. He
was elected President of the Federation in 1997, then served as General
Secretary in 1999 and again as President from 2001 to 2009, and then still as
Vice-President until 2011. He was on the Federation executive for a total of 16
productive years
He also
chaired the Festival Committee in the Noughties which organized annual
festivities at Bletchley Park for several years, building on the reputation of
the Polish cryptographers who first broke the Enigma Code and laid the
groundwork on which British cryptographers like Alan Turing were able to develop the work when the German enigma
machines became more sophisticated.
In 2000, Jan
Mokrzycki was also made general secretary for one term of the European Union of
Polish Communities, of which the Federation was a member. He was also a long-time
trustee of the Polonia Aid Foundation Trust in London which distributed
considerable funds to Polish cultural and academic initiatives.
As a result
of his activities, he was awarded the Polish Order of Merit and the Cavalier’s Cross
of the Polonia Restituta Order (one of Poland’s highest decorations).
He is
survived by his wife Magdalena, and two children, Jan and Wanda, as well as by 6
grandchildren, one of whom, Danusia Francis, represented Jamaica as a gymnast
in the Tokyo Olympics of 2020.